Passive Voiçe (Edilgen Çatı) Nedir?
Passive Voiçe, eylemi yapan değil, eylemden etkilenen öznenin on plana ciktigi cümle yapısıdir. Örnek: "The book was written by Shakespeare."
Temel Kural
be + V3 (past participle) yapısı kullanılır.
Active: Someone cleans the office every day.
Passive: The office is cleaned every day.
Tense'lere Göre Passive Yapısı
| Tense | Active | Passive (be + V3) |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | They make cars. | Cars are made. |
| Past Simple | She wrote the letter. | The letter was written. |
| Present Perfect | They have built a bridge. | A bridge has been built. |
| Past Perfect | He had finished the work. | The work had been finished. |
| Future Simple | They will open the shop. | The shop will be opened. |
| Present Continuous | She is cleaning the room. | The room is being cleaned. |
| Past Continuous | They were building a house. | A house was being built. |
| Modals | You must do it. | It must be done. |
Active'den Passive'e Çevirme Adımları
- Adim 1: Active cümlede nesneyi (object) bul → Passive'de özne yap.
- Adim 2: Tense'e gore be fiilini ayarla.
- Adim 3: Fiilin V3 halini kullan.
- Adim 4: Gerekirse by + agent ekle.
Passive Ne Zaman Kullanılır?
| Durum | Örnek |
|---|---|
| Eylemi yapan bilinmiyor | My car was stolen. (Kim caldigi bilinmiyor) |
| Eylemi yapan önemli değil | English is spoken worldwide. |
| Resmi / akademik yazi | The experiment was conducted in 2023. |
| Surec / uretim anlatımi | Coffee is grown in Brazil. |
Sık Yapılan Hatalar
- YANLIŞ: The book written by him. → DOGRU: The book was written by him. (be fiili eksık)
- YANLIŞ: The car is repair. → DOGRU: The car is repaired. (V3 kullanilmali)